Which of the following is NOT a consideration for pediatric airway management?

• A. Pediatric airways are proportionally smaller than those of adults.
• B. The tongue is relatively larger in children.
• C. Larger airways in proportion to adult patients.
• D. Oxygen consumption per kilogram is higher in children.

Answer: (C)

Pediatric airway management hinges on the fact that children have smaller airways that are more easily obstructed and require appropriately sized equipment. The airway diameter in kids is small, so even minor swelling or secretions can significantly increase resistance and cause quick airway compromise. The tongue is relatively larger in children, which raises the risk of airway obstruction, especially when the patient is supine or not fully awake. Children also have a higher oxygen consumption per kilogram and lower functional residual capacity, so they desaturate more rapidly during periods of apnea or induction, making rapid and efficient airway management essential. The statement about larger airways in proportion to adult patients is not true; pediatric airways are smaller, not larger, in absolute terms.